Review Estonia’s demographic trends across age groups and sexes using historical World Bank population data.
Review the age and gender distribution of Estonia's population and compare demographic changes over time.
As of 2025, Estonia's population stands at approximately 1,366,475 people. Over the past five years it has grown by +2.78%, and over the past ten years by +3.88%.
Estonia ranks 157th of 217 countries by total population, and 141st by five-year population growth. Growth momentum is currently accelerating (+0.21% → +0.55% per year).
By gender, female residents make up the larger share of the population, at 52.4% (52.4% female vs 47.6% male).
By broad age group, the working-age (15-64) group accounts for the largest share of the population: 15.3% are under 15, 62.9% are aged 15-64, and 21.8% are aged 65 and above.
The share of the population under 15 is currently falling, and peaked at 23.3% in 1962.
The share of the population aged 60 and above has been rising, from 15.5% in 1960 to 28.1% in 2025.
Population of Estonia by Year: Total, Gender and Broad Age Groups
Data source: World Bank, World Development Indicators — Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL); population by gender (SP.POP.TOTL.MA.IN, SP.POP.TOTL.FE.IN); population by broad age group (SP.POP.0014.TO, SP.POP.1564.TO, SP.POP.65UP.TO). License: CC BY-4.0. Retrieved 2026-07-10.
Estonia Population by Five-Year Age Cohorts and Gender
Data source: World Bank, World Development Indicators — Population by five-year age groups and sex (SP.POP.0004.MA … SP.POP.80UP.FE). License: CC BY-4.0. Retrieved 2026-07-10.